Gums that bleed when you brush are not something to simply get used to. Bleeding is usually the first sign of inflammation, and the earlier it is treated, the simpler the treatment.

What it is

Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums caused by dental plaque building up around the teeth. The gums become red, swollen and bleed easily. Gingivitis is reversible: with good oral hygiene and a professional clean, the gums recover.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation that goes deeper and gradually destroys the tissues that support the tooth, the periodontal ligament and the bone. "Pockets" form between the tooth and the gum. Lost bone does not grow back by itself, but with treatment the disease can be stopped from progressing. Left untreated, it can lead to loose teeth and tooth loss.

Smoking and diabetes significantly increase the risk. Periodontitis and diabetes affect each other, which is why treating the gums matters for your general health too.

When it may be needed

Book an examination if you notice:

Gums that bleed when brushing or flossing.
Red, swollen or tender gums.
Persistent bad breath or a bad taste.
Receding gums, or teeth that look longer.
Teeth that feel loose or are moving, or new gaps.

Periodontitis is often painless, so it can progress without you noticing. A gum check is part of every routine examination.

What usually happens

Periodontal examination. With a fine instrument we measure the depth between tooth and gum, record bleeding and mobility and, where needed, take X-rays to assess the bone.
Oral hygiene advice. We show you how to brush and clean between your teeth with the right interdental brushes or floss for you. This is the most important part of treatment.
Professional clean. Tartar and plaque above the gum line are removed.
Deep cleaning of the roots. In periodontitis, the root surfaces inside the pockets are cleaned under local anaesthetic, usually one area of the mouth at a time over several visits.
Re-assessment. After a few weeks we measure again. If deep pockets remain, further treatment by a specialist periodontist colleague may be needed.
Supportive care. Regular check-ups and cleans, usually every 3 to 6 months, depending on your situation.

Afterwards

After deep cleaning, the gums may be tender for a few days and the teeth sensitive to cold.
As inflammation settles, the gums shrink slightly and small gaps may appear or teeth may look longer. This is part of healing.
Daily care at home largely determines the long-term result.
If you smoke, stopping makes a real difference to your gums.

Frequently asked questions

If my gums bleed, should I stop brushing them?

No. Bleeding shows inflammation caused by plaque that has been left there. Keep brushing gently, keep cleaning between your teeth and book an examination.

Can periodontitis be cured?

The inflammation can be controlled and the disease stopped from progressing, but it needs ongoing care. That is why we talk about "controlling" the disease and regular follow-up, as with other long-term conditions.

Is it hereditary?

Susceptibility to periodontitis can run in families. If your parents lost teeth to gum disease, it is worth mentioning, so we can monitor you more closely.

Is deep cleaning painful?

It is done under local anaesthetic so that you are comfortable. Mild tenderness may follow for a few days.

Related treatments

Appointments and questions: +30 210 6743342 · [email protected]

Gum disease: gingivitis and periodontitis